I was reminded of this quote the other day when I opened an email from the owner of a new website that offered designers the opportunity to “upload your works and set prices for each one of them.” A visit to the site revealed that these “works” would be offered to self-publishers who would then “edit the image in our in-browser editor, change the book cover size, and put various text on it.” Then came the comment, “Most self-published books have crappy covers because self-published authors have tight budgets and cannot afford to hire a professional book cover designer.”

There are so many issues here I hardly know where to begin. For starters, the site owner ignores the entire field of typography, and apparently believes that authors can “put various text” on a nice picture and wind up with a quality cover. He and his customers should only know how many hours designers spend on a book cover.

Once a concept is created, it’s not uncommon for a designer to experiment for quite awhile with different font combinations, in different sizes, in different arrangements, using different colors, until the look is “just so”. And that’s before we show the cover to the client, which is often followed by even more adjustments.

In the FAQ section for authors, the site doesn’t explain what happens after authors create their covers and send the resulting file to a printer. Were adequate margins left all around so that the printer will not reject the file? Was the correct amount of bleed added? Is the spine size accurate to 2 or 3 decimal places? Is the image CMYK and in the proper resolution? Does the digital file meet the printer’s ink limit requirement? Is the browser view of the file anywhere near accurate, so that there will be no nasty surprises when the printer’s proof arrives? All of these issues and more are quietly taken care of by a competent book cover designer.

Pity the poor authors who spend hard-earned money on this site because they “know” that “book cover design is easy” and “anyone can do it”. When they send these files to the printer, they’ll be informed that all of the above issues (and more) do matter. Quite often today, the printer is a large “self-publishing company” with tens of thousands of customers, so the bad news will be delivered by a software “robot” that names the problem, but doesn’t explain how to fix it. What follows is often a frustrating loop of file submissions and rejections that can make anyone question why they wrote a book in the first place.

It’s not difficult to understand why authors are attracted to free or low cost design services. Most admit that they’re not sure if the book will sell, so they don’t want to spend money. But this approach can become a self-fulfilling prophecy; a poor book cover can doom a great book to failure when buyers pass it over for another that looks more professional.

Once the writing is done, you’re not an author anymore; you’re a publisher with a different goal…generating sales. To do that, you must “package” your work so that it appeals to buyers.

My advice? Hit the pause button and consider saving up until you can afford to give your book the cover and interior design it deserves…that your buyer demands, knowingly or not.

Please take Mark Twain’s advice to heart. Forget what you “know” about book cover design and consider hiring someone who really does know. Your book will look better, and sell better, and that’s smart business.

1106 Design offers 5 levels of book cover design to meet every need and almost every budget. How can we help you?

I thought:

‘Here’s an author who has spent a long time writing a novel. I’m sure she truly cares about her cover, and wants it to work hard to sell her book. I’m sure she understands that competition in the book world is brutal, and buyers will look at a cover for less than seven seconds before deciding which book to buy. Here’s an opportunity to explain the principles of book cover design, offer suggestions, and help someone succeed in the brutal world of publishing.’

This topic is always a great one for discussion online and so many people did jump in, offering their opinions.

Most knowledgeable people in the business agree that professional book cover design, crafted by someone with experience and training, will give you a better cover than doing it yourself. Unfortunately, there are a lot of uninformed people offering self-publishers the opposite advice.

Here are a few pointers to keep in mind when evaluating a book cover:

Make sure the typography complements the content of the book, as well as the the general appearance of other books in the genre.

Make sure that colors are used wisely. Read books about color harmonies and different methods to choose colors from your chosen image so you’ll know when your cover has that “just right” look.

Ensure, for the good of your book, that the overall composition of the cover is organized and the title STANDS OUT to draw potential buyers away from other titles displayed nearby (online or in store).

Study the bestsellers on Amazon (new releases as well as upcoming titles) and objectively compare the design to professionally designed titles. That’s what your prospective buyers will do.

So, what happened next in the discussion forum, after a number of professional designers offered their advice? Here is the author’s reply:

I took all the constructive criticism into consideration, made a few changes and then went with my gut. I’m not a “best seller” and don’t honestly expect to ever be one. Therefore, paying attention to everyone simply causes over thinking :-}

I left the discussion at this point, but consider this: Shouldn’t everyone involved in the self-publishing industry do their part to advance its credibility? Similar to your eyes being a window to your soul, a book cover is a peek into your writing. But beyond that, good covers translate into sales, and isn’t that one of the reasons you’re publishing a book in the first place?

Free advice is very scarce these days. If you find some, it pays to take advantage of it. When you are fortunate enough to be surrounded with book designers and creative people, it’s wise to listen, take notes and apply what you’ve learned.

At the end of the day, your success as a self-publisher may very well hinge on your willingness to heed the advice of those with experience in design, just as you sought the advice of others about your writing. MILLIONS of books are self-published each year, and a bad book cover should not be the reason you fail to realize your full potential as a writer.

Your turn.

Do you have any book cover design thoughts to share with our readers? Feel free to share them below in the comment section.

I invite you to browse our site for a few minutes, view our portfolio, and download our price list. Then pick up the phone, so you and I can craft a custom plan to put your book ahead of the do-it-yourselfers today!

Why? Because anyone who pours their time, money and reputation into a business understands that success depends on happy customers. Businesses grow when satisfied customers become repeat customers and a steady source of referrals.

So why are very large names in the publishing industry turning a blind eye to these facts and helping self-publishers produce awful books?

Authors are told it’s OK to lay out their own book in Word, design their own cover, and upload text that has not been professionally edited or proofread. This approach may be OK if your book is a memoir to be enjoyed only by friends and family, but if your book is the cornerstone of a new business, it’s the worst possible advice. Those of us who have toiled for decades to produce quality books can only shake our heads in dismay.

For generations, publishers have followed a tried-and-true process to turn rough manuscripts into polished works of art. The need for fact checking, several levels of editing, quality cover design, meticulous interior typesetting, and multiple rounds of proofreading was not questioned.

Today, mix together one part personal computer, one part behemoth bookseller who has abandoned publishing standards in pursuit of the almighty buck, and a horde of gurus who don’t know what they’re talking about, and new self-publishers are served up the perfect recipe for failure.

Every author I know became a writer because they LOVED books. But the wonderful books we all loved in our youth are in danger of extinction. Specialists who know how to produce quality books are buried in search results by huge companies who have millions of dollars to spend on Internet marketing.

Before they find true craftsmen, hopeful authors are reeled in by self-publishing companies offering cheap package deals based on template covers and interiors used on thousands of other books. Nobody explains that these templates will look homemade when the author’s book is displayed next to the bestsellers on Amazon. Nor do they explain that the low prices are a classic bait and switch advertising technique. The moment an author requests changes to the template, the extra charges kick in, resulting in a boring cover that winds up costing just as much as a custom one.

True self-publishing is a worthy endeavor, but self-publishing today has been hijacked. The poor quality books flooding the market have, in many instances, made self-publishing a synonym for poor publishing.

This article isn’t really about technology, or templates, or new vs. old methods of production. It’s about the abandonment of basic business integrity.

At 1106 Design, we’re not going to follow the crowd. We can’t change what others do, but we can offer our clients top quality work, honest advice, and all the hand-holding they need to launch their book. May we help you?

“I’m brand new at this,” she admitted. “I’m not even sure what questions to ask, but your site feels very welcoming, and your promise of hand holding is exactly what I need.”

I thanked her for the kind words, assured her that most of our clients were new to publishing, and that we’d be happy to guide her every step of the way. I assured her that we would recommend only services that were needed, and we would never “upsell” services that were not necessary, as many “self-publishing companies” do.

After learning that her manuscript had already been edited by a pro, and that her goal was to sell books on Amazon in a very crowded genre, I recommended book cover design, interior layout, and proofreading. I told her an index probably wasn’t necessary, given that her book was divided into 10 lessons, but in its place a detailed table of contents might be useful to the reader.

So far, so good. Then she uttered the words that send book designers everywhere over the edge: “I layed out my book in Word, 6×9, and it came out to 365 pages. It looks just fine, and I don’t want to spend that much money for you to design and typeset it. Would you look at what I did and let me know what you think?”

“Sure,” I said. I braced myself for the promised email with her “layout.”

When it arrived, I was not surprised to see that every single rule of book design was broken. I couldn’t find even one aesthetically pleasing element in the book, and except for the page size, it looked exactly like a manuscript.

The text was set in 12-point Georgia, with 1.5 line spacing, and it was not justified.

Quotations and their accompanying citations, an essential element of this self-directed Bible study guide, were set exactly like the surrounding text and difficult to find.

Chapter titles were bold, but the same size as the text. They were placed at the top margin, not moved down on the page, a standard technique that gives the reader a visual cue that a new chapter is at hand. No extra space was added between the chapter title and the first paragraph of text.

There were many instances of double spaces between words and I found half a dozen typos in just a quick scan though the document. Clearly, this book needed more proofreading than had been done to this point.

I sent an email with my assessment to give the author time to think and respond.

“You’re about to make a terrible mistake,” I wrote. “A very common mistake made by self-publishers.”

I explained that if she went forward with this Word layout (assuming it could even be printed) that reviewers and retailers would immediately flag her book as a homemade job and reject it out of hand.

I added that reviewers on Amazon would deduct stars for the typos and the difficult to read text, and that this would affect sales.

Last, I explained that this homemade layout would cost her extra money for every copy printed, because a typesetter would choose a more efficient font and adjust the line spacing to reduce the page count considerably.

I attached samples of similar books we had designed to demonstrate what a well-designed book interior looks like, took a deep breath, and hit the send button.

I’m delighted to report that this story has a happy ending; the author ordered interior design. I tell this story because for every author I convince, there are probably hundreds of others formatting their book in Word right now, and someone has to stand up for the book buyer.

Don’t you feel betrayed when a company uses a pretty package to entice you to buy a poor product? I do. When authors wrap a good cover around a poor interior, they’re committing the same offense. How many times can this happen before buyers conclude that books are not worth the risk?

It wasn’t so long ago that book buyers could count on a well-researched, well-edited, beautifully designed and carefully printed book for their money. Do we really want to change that expectation?

And what about the ambitious new publisher, whose high hopes are dashed when the bad reviews on Amazon start rolling in? Too many self-publishing “gurus” are teaching new authors that it’s OK to abandon traditional publishing standards. I think there’s something terribly sad about that, and I hope you do, too.

Excuse me while I talk to this author about proofreading…

Everyone who writes understands the importance of proofreading. Whether you have just finished your first one-sheet or your twentieth 50-page report, you WILL find errors in it, guaranteed.

Book publishing is no exception. It’s truly astonishing how many mistakes come out of hiding every time you read your manuscript, no matter how many times you read it, even after it has been edited by a pro. Authors everywhere scratch their heads and ask, “How could I have written that?” and just as often, “How could I have missed that?” This is why professional proofreading is a must if your goal is to release a quality book.

You can’t outwit the human brain

It’s not enough to read your own work, or ask friends and family to do the same. The human brain is a funny thing. Once we read material more than once, we see what we expect to see. We know what we mean to say, so when we read our own words, the message is perfectly clear. Outside proofreaders, preferably specialists in book publishing, are a stand-in for your eventual reader. In addition to finding errors that almost got away, an experienced proofreader will zero in on text that may not be clear to someone reading it for the first time.

Publishing methods evolved for a reason

This is a message we deliver over and over again to our clients. We almost beg them to edit their manuscript and proofread it, multiple times, before interior design begins. Then we recommend an additional round of proofreading after the book has been layed out. Why? If you think errors hide out in Word, you won’t believe how they’ll pop up in text that has been carefully formatted in InDesign.

The standard work flow in book publishing has always been: edit, proofread, typeset, then proofread one final time before printing. Unfortunately, this quality control process has too often been abandoned by self-publishers, with the result that many books on the market today are riddled with errors.

Book publishing should be fun, not a nightmare!

For the good of your book, as well as to deliver true value to your readers, please invest in professional editing and proofreading before book design begins, and again after your book has been designed. You won’t believe how many errors will be found. Your readers will appreciate the quality, and post good reviews on Amazon instead of complaints.

Seven years ago, when self-publishing was just beginning to take off, I talked with author Jane Kimball, who had recently learned from a book printer that the services of a book designer were required before her book could be printed.

Thus began our nearly year-long association to design her masterwork, Trench Art: An Illustrated History, a 400+ page, full-color book featuring more than 1,000 items from her personal collection of war souvenirs. These artifacts, collectively known as trench art, were meticulously crafted by soldiers from spent shell casings and other materials beginning in World War I.

“I didn’t even know there was such a thing as a book designer!” she quipped.

“That’s alright,” I replied. “I didn’t know there was such a thing as trench art!”

I relate this story because at the time I was taken aback by Jane’s comment. Until then, every customer who came to us already understood what we did. It wasn’t necessary to explain our services. The landscape, I realized, had changed, and it remains so to this day.

In subsequent conversations, Jane taught me that book design and production is a very scary subject to many first-time authors, who worry that hiring experts will cause them to lose control of their “baby.”

What follows is a brief description of a typical book design project that will hopefully put your mind at ease. Far from losing control of your book, you’ll actually collaborate closely with experts every step of the way to make your book the very best it can be.

6 Steps to a Quality Book

Step 1: Cover Design

The first task in preparing a book for publication is Book Cover Design. The designer will ask for a synopsis of your book and ask about your goals and your intended audience. He/she will then find appropriate images and fonts, and create a design that is in line with similar bestselling books on the market. This ensures that your cover will look as good as, or better than, the competitive titles that will displayed alongside it online. A good cover is absolutely essential to the success of your book. Cover design is not the place to save money. Most designers will adjust their services to your budget, if you ask.

Step 2: Manuscript Editing

The benefits of Professional Editing, offered by an experienced book editor, cannot be overstated. When we read our own writing, we know what we mean to say, so our brain fills in the gaps. The fresh eyes of an outside editor will find and correct these gaps for a smoother reading experience, without changing your style or your voice. Authors can always decline the editor’s suggestions, but most are pleasantly surprised at the skills an editor brings to the table.

Step 3: Interior Layout (aka Typesetting)

When editing is complete, the next step in book production is Book Interior Layout, also known as Typesetting. Designers usually show one or more sample interior designs to give the author an opportunity to compare different type fonts, type sizes, chapter openers, sidebars, and other decorative elements that may be employed to enhance the appearance of the text. Once a sample chapter has been approved, the rest of the book is typeset to match. You’ll be amazed at how much better  your text looks, compared to the original Word document, when it is designed by a pro.

Step 4: Proofreading

After Interior Layout, the next step in the book production process is Proofreading. Proofreading should always be done after the book is typeset (as well as before). Those pesky typos, extra word spaces, and unnecessary tabs that escaped detection in Word stand out like a sore thumb in typeset text. Many self-publishers unfortunately decline this service, thinking it’s not needed, to the detriment of their book. I can attest that we have never once proofed a book without finding errors, sometimes hundreds of errors, even when the manuscript was previously edited.

Step 5: Corrections and Final Review

Once Proofreading is complete, and the errors identified by the proofreader are fixed, it’s time to read the book from start to finish one final time. Yes, I know, you just can’t stand to read it one more time . . . but you must. There’s an old saying in publishing, “You don’t complete a book; you declare an ending.” The proofreading and correction process never really ends, but at some point you just have to go to press.

Step 6: Digital File Prep

The final step in the production process is to prepare the digital files for printing. You can relax at this stage, because this behind-the-scenes geeky stuff is entirely the responsibility of your designer. This final step ensures that your book will print successfully.

So, How Long Does All This Take?

It’s always good to schedule far more time than you think you’ll need for book production. I recommend at least 2 weeks each for steps 1-5 above, though some services, such as cover design and editing, can be worked on concurrently. If you must have books in hand by a specific date, be sure to tell your designer, so the two of you, along with the eventual printer, can create a schedule with milestones to make it happen.

How Much of My Time is Required?

That depends on your experience, your personality, and your available time. Many authors relish the “hands-on” approach and enjoy the prospect of talking with multiple providers. Others prefer to hand the project over to a company that will manage the entire project for them. Fortunately, providers are available to suit every preference.

Experts = An Enjoyable Process and a Better Book

The fear of losing control prompts many first-time authors to adopt the “do-it-yourself” approach, or to sign up with huge “self-publishing factories” who produce terrible work for very low fees, but both of these approaches are usually a mistake. Experts abound in every area of life, from medicine to pest control. Their knowledge and experience, even in areas that may seem low skilled or mundane, enhance our lives and give us far better products and services than we can ever hope to produce on our own. Book design is no exception.

If you’re about to enter one of the most brutally competitive industries on the planet, I hope this post has helped to clarify the process so that the book design process is an enjoyable one and the book you eventually offer to the public will be the very best it can be, and one that you will be proud to market.

Technically, copyright is automatic, by virtue of the fact that you wrote the manuscript. While copywriting your book is not required, following the simple steps to “deposit” and register your work with the US Copyright Office gives you an additional advantage in the event someone plagiarizes your work.

Your book can be copyrighted either before or after publication, either in hard-copy form or electronically. As you might expect, the electronic alternative is faster, easier, and less expensive. This method also offers the ability to monitor the status of your application online.

Basic instructions from the US Copyright office begin here:

http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl109.html

This page contains links to other resources that will help you make the decisions that are best for your situation.

Most authors are surprised to learn that only the content of a book can be copyrighted; individual book titles are not protected by copyright law. A quick trip to Amazon will confirm that many books share identical titles. Milions and millions of books have been published. There simply aren’t enough words in the English language for each of them to have a unique title.

Series titles are another matter. These can be protected under trademark law. Trademarks are granted on a first-come basis, so it’s important to conduct a screening search to make sure your intended series title is not already in use.

A discussion of this topic and other publishing-related legal issues can be found at www.copylaw.com and many other websites.

Copyright and trademark issues are much more complex than they seem. It’s possible, but may not be advisable, to “do-it-yourself.” There’s no substitute for a consultation with your own attorney, who will apply his or her in-depth knowledge of the law to your unique publishing situation.

Of course, Goldilocks forgot all about her preferences as soon as the three bears came home, when she rightly bolted out the door to save her life. The Goldilocks character is a pretty good metaphor for clients, I think.

To switch stories for a moment, a few weeks ago I was listening to a financial advisor on the radio. “Visit my web site and fill out the contact form,” she said. “I’ll be in touch to learn about your needs and explore how my company can help you.” She seemed knowledgable and genuinely interested, so expecting a personal follow-up, that’s exactly what I did.

Instead, I received a postcard in the mail, inviting me to a restaurant torture session, where I and a hundred others would be bribed by a free lunch to endure a “one-solution-fits-all” lecture. What a letdown.

Like Goldilocks, or any prospective client, I was looking for a financial advisor who was “just right” when I contacted this company. No matter the product or service being purchased, isn’t that what every client seeks…and deserves?

Too many companies today, especially the dreaded “self-publishing companies,” cruelly peddle one-size-fits-all solutions to hopeful authors. Instead of a custom analysis of the author’s needs by a publishing expert, a phone room full of high-pressure sales consultants use carefully crafted scripts to steer authors into pre-defined package deals that maximize company profits.

What on earth has happened to American business, and why aren’t we all bolting out the door just like Goldilocks did?

1106 Design is a publishing services company that

* appreciates the value of a one-on-one conversation;
* will honestly tell you when you don’t need one of our services;
* works with you to craft a top-quality book that will help you achieve your unique publishing goals; and
* offers the convenience of project management.

If that sounds good, contact us today. 1106 Design is small enough to deliver quality work with all the hand-holding you need, and large enough to get the job done quickly and conveniently. As Goldilocks might say, “1106 Design is just right.”

After the first cover is designed, what will you charge me to design the others?

The answer is, it depends on the degree of change needed. Authors and publishers of a series should be aware of the issues involved and ask plenty of questions in advance to avoid unpleasant surprises later.

Some designers hold that a new title triggers a full design fee, even if it’s clear that they’ll spend very little time on the job.

We were recently hired by a publisher to create the second cover in his series. He had every intention of hiring the designer of his first cover for the second book. He explained that the cover image and the series title would remain the same, and only the subtitle and back cover text would change.

When he was told by the original designer that this would be considered a new title and a full redesign cost, he rightfully considered this a “gotcha.” We negotiated a fair price that would cover our time, a price that was less than the original designer wanted.

The above example is the simplest situation, and an uncommon one. Most follow-on covers in a series involve more work than many authors realize. We’ll often be asked, “Doesn’t it take just a few minutes to swap out the image and type over the old title with the new one?” In a word, no.

Changing the image involves finding (or creating) one that is compatible with the first cover. Even if the publisher provides the image, it almost always contains different colors and may have different proportions.

In a series design, it’s essential to communicate to the buyer that the titles are related, and at the same time, unique. Changing the picture usually means changing the background color and the color of the front cover text. If the new image cannot be cropped to the same proportions that were used on the first cover, then it can take considerable time to rearrange all the elements while remaining true to the established design.

At 1106 Design, we typically recommend our Level 1 Cover Design for the first book in the series, so that the publisher has access to all the information necessary to design the series correctly from the start. Then we recommend our lower levels of design for the follow-on titles. Sometimes we negotiate a different solution, again depending on the amount of work involved.

The second question we often hear from authors is:

Will you give me the files from the first cover so I can design the others myself?

This request is rooted in a misunderstanding of the issues involved in cover design. In addition to the easily seen elements of cover design, there are many unseen elements that designers attend to behind the scenes, including the proper preparation of the digital files required by the printer.

We often talk to authors who purchased the software they thought they needed, spent countless hours trying to master it, and then were disappointed to discover that their printer rejected the files.

Publishing one book can be a hobby or a business. Publishing a series is always a business. Contact us today to get the expert help you need to launch your book business in the best possible way.

(1) Before launching any book, but especially a series, a survey of the competition is in order. When buyers search your topic, and even when they enter your title word for word, your cover will be displayed alonside similar best sellers at Amazon. Your cover can borrow credibility from these best sellers if it is designed to look like them. If your cover concept is significantly different from others on display, it can scare buyers away.

(2) The titles and subtitles of all the books in your series should be written well in advance of the text. An experienced book title consultant will ensure that the words resonate with, and don’t repel, buyers.

(3) The cover design of the first title will become the foundation for all the books to follow. Keeping the above research in mind, your book designer will ensure that the design is flexible enough to accommodate the longest and shortest title in the series as well as consistently highlight the brand. (See the “For Dummies” books. The subject “pops” in white, but the series title is nearly as large. It takes second place visually because it’s yellow.)

(4) Just as with cover design, pricing research is important when launching a series. Buyers who enjoyed your first book will expect the price of the others to be similar. Pricing your book accurately from the start will deliver this consistency and ward off unpleasant surprises.

You may have guessed by now that 1106 Design offers all of the above services and more. Our team of dedicated experts will hold your hand throughout the book preparation process to give your book or your book series the best possible chance to succeed. Contact us today!